Prometheus

     Προμηθεύς

μή τοι χλιδῇ δοκεῖτε μηδ᾽ αὐθαδίᾳ
σιγᾶν με: συννοίᾳ δὲ δάπτομαι κέαρ,
ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον.
καίτοι θεοῖσι τοῖς νέοις τούτοις γέρα
440τίς ἄλλος ἢ 'γὼ παντελῶς διώρισεν;
ἀλλ᾽ αὐτὰ σιγῶ: καὶ γὰρ εἰδυίαισιν ἂν
ὑμῖν λέγοιμι: τἀν βροτοῖς δὲ πήματα
ἀκούσαθ᾽, ὥς σφας νηπίους ὄντας τὸ πρὶν
ἔννους ἔθηκα καὶ φρενῶν ἐπηβόλους.
445λέξω δέ, μέμψιν οὔτιν᾽ ἀνθρώποις ἔχων,
ἀλλ᾽ ὧν δέδωκ᾽ εὔνοιαν ἐξηγούμενος:

οἳ πρῶτα μὲν βλέποντες ἔβλεπον μάτην,
κλύοντες οὐκ ἤκουον, ἀλλ᾽ ὀνειράτων
ἀλίγκιοι μορφαῖσι τὸν μακρὸν βίον
450ἔφυρον εἰκῇ πάντα, κοὔτε πλινθυφεῖς
δόμους προσείλους, ᾖσαν, οὐ ξυλουργίαν:
κατώρυχες δ᾽ ἔναιον ὥστ᾽ ἀήσυροι
μύρμηκες ἄντρων ἐν μυχοῖς ἀνηλίοις.
ἦν δ᾽ οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς οὔτε χείματος τέκμαρ
455οὔτ᾽ ἀνθεμώδους ἦρος οὔτε καρπίμου
θέρους βέβαιον, ἀλλ᾽ ἄτερ γνώμης τὸ πᾶν
ἔπρασσον, ἔστε δή σφιν ἀντολὰς ἐγὼ
ἄστρων ἔδειξα τάς τε δυσκρίτους δύσεις.

καὶ μὴν ἀριθμόν, ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων,
460 ἐξηῦρον αὐτοῖς, γραμμάτων τε συνθέσεις,
μνήμην ἁπάντων, μουσομήτορ᾽ ἐργάνην.
κἄζευξα πρῶτος ἐν ζυγοῖσι κνώδαλα
ζεύγλαισι δουλεύοντα σάγμασὶν θ᾽, ὅπως
θνητοῖς μεγίστων διάδοχοι μοχθημάτων
465 γένοινθ᾽ , ὑφ᾽ ἅρμα τ᾽ ἤγαγον φιληνίους
ἵππους, ἄγαλμα τῆς ὑπερπλούτου χλιδῆς.
θαλασσόπλαγκτα δ᾽ οὔτις ἄλλος ἀντ᾽ ἐμοῦ
λινόπτερ᾽ ηὗρε ναυτίλων ὀχήματα.

τοιαῦτα μηχανήματ᾽ ἐξευρὼν τάλας
470 βροτοῖσιν, αὐτὸς οὐκ ἔχω σόφισμ᾽ ὅτῳ
τῆς νῦν παρούσης πημονῆς ἀπαλλαγῶ.

Prometheus
No, do not think it is from pride or even from wilfulness that I am silent. Painful thoughts devour my heart as I behold myself maltreated in this way. And yet who else but I definitely assigned [440] their prerogatives to these upstart gods? But I do not speak of this; for my tale would tell you nothing except what you know. Still, listen to the miseries that beset mankind—how they were witless before and I made them have sense and endowed them with reason. [445] I will not speak to upbraid mankind but to set forth the friendly purpose that inspired my blessing.

First of all, though they had eyes to see, they saw to no avail; they had ears, but they did not understand ; but, just as shapes in dreams, throughout their length of days, [450] without purpose they wrought all things in confusion. They had neither knowledge of houses built of bricks and turned to face the sun nor yet of work in wood; but dwelt beneath the ground like swarming ants, in sunless caves. They had no sign either of winter [455] or of flowery spring or of fruitful summer, on which they could depend but managed everything without judgment, until I taught them to discern the risings of the stars and their settings, which are difficult to distinguish.

Yes, and numbers, too, chiefest of sciences, [460] I invented for them, and the combining of letters, creative mother of the Muses' arts, with which to hold all things in memory. I, too, first brought brute beasts beneath the yoke to be subject to the collar and the pack-saddle (σάγμα), so that they might bear in men's stead their [465] heaviest burdens; and to the chariot I harnessed horses and made them obedient to the rein, to be an image of wealth and luxury. It was I and no one else who invented the mariner's flaxen-winged car that roams the sea.

Wretched that I am—such are the arts I devised [470] for mankind, yet have myself no cunning means to rid me of my present suffering.

 [Aeschylus, with an English awending by Herbert Weir Smyth, Ph. D. in two volumes. 1.Prometheus. Cambridge. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1926. ]